The SNLI corpus (version 1.0) is a collection of 570k human-written English sentence pairs manually labeled for balanced classification with the labels entailment, contradiction, and neutral, supporting the task of natural language inference (NLI), also known as recognizing textual entailment (RTE). We aim for it to serve both as a benchmark for evaluating representational systems for text, especially including those induced by representation learning methods, as well as a resource for developing NLP models of any kind.
The following paper introduces the corpus in detail. If you use the corpus in published work, please cite it:
Samuel R. Bowman, Gabor Angeli, Christopher Potts, and Christopher D. Manning. 2015. A large annotated corpus for learning natural language inference. In Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). [pdf] [bib]
Here are a few example pairs taken from the development portion of the corpus. Each has the judgments of five mechanical turk workers and a consensus judgment.
Text | Judgments | Hypothesis |
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A man inspects the uniform of a figure in some East Asian country. | contradiction C C C C C | The man is sleeping |
An older and younger man smiling. | neutral N N E N N | Two men are smiling and laughing at the cats playing on the floor. |
A black race car starts up in front of a crowd of people. | contradiction C C C C C | A man is driving down a lonely road. |
A soccer game with multiple males playing. | entailment E E E E E | Some men are playing a sport. |
A smiling costumed woman is holding an umbrella. | neutral N N E C N | A happy woman in a fairy costume holds an umbrella. |
The corpus is distributed in both JSON lines and tab separated value files, which are packaged together (with a readme) here: