Abstract

We have created the first image search engine based entirely on faces. Using simple text queries such as “smiling men with blond hair and mustaches,” users can search through over 3.1 million faces which have been automatically labeled on the basis of several facial attributes. Faces in our database have been extracted and aligned from images down- loaded from the internet using a commercial face detector, and the num- ber of images and attributes continues to grow daily. Our classification approach uses a novel combination of Support Vector Machines and Ad- aboost which exploits the strong structure of faces to select and train on the optimal set of features for each attribute. We show state-of-the-art classification results compared to previous works, and demonstrate the power of our architecture through a functional, large-scale face search engine. Our framework is fully automatic, easy to scale, and computes all labels off-line, leading to fast on-line search performance. In addition, we describe how our system can be used for a number of applications, including law enforcement, social networks, and personal photo manage- ment. Our search engine will soon be made publicly available.