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python安装gdal

2019-10-30 | |  95 |   0

原标题：python安装gdal

原文来自：CSDN      原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43162240/article/details/102784305


python安装gdal有两种方法：
1.不用手动下载文件，直接执行以下命令即可

conda install gdal1

2.首先，下载gdal的whl文件（链接， 官网下载比较慢，GDAL-2.2.4-cp27-cp27m-win_amd64.whl
有百度云可以下载，提取码：9hrj ），然后放入本机目录。
这里目录有两种，一是放入anaconda安装目录的Scripts目录，我的是D:anacondaScripts目录；二是放入Anaconda环境的Scripts目录，我的是D:anacondaenvsuavScripts（uav是我自己的环境，可通过命令conda create -n name python=3.6创建环境）。
最后，在D:Anaconda3Scripts目录下在空白处按住shift加右键打开cmd，输入以下命令即可。

pip install GDAL‑3.0.1‑cp38‑cp38‑win_amd64.whl

注：若用pip安装gdal会报错：

pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple gdal

报错信息如下：

Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Collecting gdal
  Downloading https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/26/c6/f8846ba726b37f9a1099acb5bff43c309fb913577674c1ba491f6fc60598/GDAL-3.0.1.tar.gz (576kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 583kB 810kB/s 
Building wheels for collected packages: gdal
  Building wheel for gdal (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Complete output from command /home/dennis/miniconda3/bin/python -u -c 'import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-i321u6em/gdal/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'rn'"'"', '"'"'n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-aaneihet --python-tag cp37:
  ERROR: running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
  copying gdal.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
  copying ogr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
  copying osr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
  copying gdalconst.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
  copying gdalnumeric.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
  copying osgeo/gdalconst.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
  copying osgeo/gdalnumeric.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
  copying osgeo/osr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
  copying osgeo/gnm.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
  copying osgeo/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
  copying osgeo/ogr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
  copying osgeo/gdal.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
  copying osgeo/gdal_array.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
  Fixing build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdalnumeric.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdalnumeric.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/__init__.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdal_array.py
  Skipping optional fixer: ws_comma
  Fixing build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdalnumeric.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdalnumeric.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/__init__.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdal_array.py
  Skipping optional fixer: ws_comma
  running build_ext
  gcc -pthread -B /home/dennis/miniconda3/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include/python3.7m -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include -c gdal_python_cxx11_test.cpp -o gdal_python_cxx11_test.o
  gcc -pthread -B /home/dennis/miniconda3/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include/python3.7m -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include -c gdal_python_cxx11_test.cpp -o gdal_python_cxx11_test.o -std=c++11
  building 'osgeo._gdal' extension
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/extensions
  gcc -pthread -B /home/dennis/miniconda3/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include/python3.7m -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include -c extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/extensions/gdal_wrap.o -std=c++11 -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include
  cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
  extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:4075:1: error: ‘VSIDIR’ does not name a type
   VSIDIR* wrapper_VSIOpenDir( const char * utf8_path,
   ^
  extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:4123:38: error: ‘VSIDIR’ was not declared in this scope
   DirEntry* wrapper_VSIGetNextDirEntry(VSIDIR* dir)
                                        ^
  extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:4123:46: error: ‘dir’ was not declared in this scope
   DirEntry* wrapper_VSIGetNextDirEntry(VSIDIR* dir)
                                                ^
  extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:4124:1: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token
   {
   ^
  extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3225:7: warning: ‘char* get_aligned_buffer(char*, GDALDataType)’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
   char* get_aligned_buffer(char* data, GDALDataType ntype)
         ^
  extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3244:13: warning: ‘void update_buffer_size(void*, char*, char*, size_t)’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
   static void update_buffer_size(void* obj, char* data, char* data_aligned, size_t buf_size)
               ^
  extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3299:5: warning: ‘int GetUseExceptions()’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
   int GetUseExceptions() {
       ^
  extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3305:6: warning: ‘void UseExceptions()’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
   void UseExceptions() {
        ^
  extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3322:6: warning: ‘void DontUseExceptions()’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
   void DontUseExceptions() {
        ^
  extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3370:13: warning: ‘void ClearErrorState()’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
   static void ClearErrorState()
               ^
  error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for gdal
  Running setup.py clean for gdal
Failed to build gdal
Installing collected packages: gdal
  Running setup.py install for gdal ... error
    ERROR: Complete output from command /home/dennis/miniconda3/bin/python -u -c 'import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-i321u6em/gdal/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'rn'"'"', '"'"'n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-axykekqk/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    ERROR: running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
    copying gdal.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
    copying ogr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
    copying osr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
    copying gdalconst.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
    copying gdalnumeric.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdalconst.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdalnumeric.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
    copying osgeo/osr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gnm.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
    copying osgeo/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
    copying osgeo/ogr.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdal.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
    copying osgeo/gdal_array.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo
    Fixing build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdalnumeric.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdalnumeric.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/__init__.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdal_array.py
    Skipping optional fixer: ws_comma
    Fixing build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/gdalnumeric.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdalconst.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdalnumeric.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/osr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gnm.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/__init__.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/ogr.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdal.py build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/osgeo/gdal_array.py
    Skipping optional fixer: ws_comma
    running build_ext
    gcc -pthread -B /home/dennis/miniconda3/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include/python3.7m -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include -c gdal_python_cxx11_test.cpp -o gdal_python_cxx11_test.o
    gcc -pthread -B /home/dennis/miniconda3/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include/python3.7m -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include -c gdal_python_cxx11_test.cpp -o gdal_python_cxx11_test.o -std=c++11
    building 'osgeo._gdal' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/extensions
    gcc -pthread -B /home/dennis/miniconda3/compiler_compat -Wl,--sysroot=/ -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I../../port -I../../gcore -I../../alg -I../../ogr/ -I../../ogr/ogrsf_frmts -I../../gnm -I../../apps -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include/python3.7m -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include -c extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/extensions/gdal_wrap.o -std=c++11 -I/home/dennis/miniconda3/include
    cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
    extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:4075:1: error: ‘VSIDIR’ does not name a type
     VSIDIR* wrapper_VSIOpenDir( const char * utf8_path,
     ^
    extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:4123:38: error: ‘VSIDIR’ was not declared in this scope
     DirEntry* wrapper_VSIGetNextDirEntry(VSIDIR* dir)
                                          ^
    extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:4123:46: error: ‘dir’ was not declared in this scope
     DirEntry* wrapper_VSIGetNextDirEntry(VSIDIR* dir)
                                                  ^
    extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:4124:1: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token
     {
     ^
    extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3225:7: warning: ‘char* get_aligned_buffer(char*, GDALDataType)’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
     char* get_aligned_buffer(char* data, GDALDataType ntype)
           ^
    extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3244:13: warning: ‘void update_buffer_size(void*, char*, char*, size_t)’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
     static void update_buffer_size(void* obj, char* data, char* data_aligned, size_t buf_size)
                 ^
    extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3299:5: warning: ‘int GetUseExceptions()’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
     int GetUseExceptions() {
         ^
    extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3305:6: warning: ‘void UseExceptions()’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
     void UseExceptions() {
          ^
    extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3322:6: warning: ‘void DontUseExceptions()’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
     void DontUseExceptions() {
          ^
    extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:3370:13: warning: ‘void ClearErrorState()’ defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
     static void ClearErrorState()
                 ^
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command "/home/dennis/miniconda3/bin/python -u -c 'import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-i321u6em/gdal/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'rn'"'"', '"'"'n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-axykekqk/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-i321u6em/gdal/

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