Abstract
self-contained sub-systems called cones as single components. We then use a novel branchand-bound search algorithm and compute the abstract minimum-cardinality diagnoses of the system, which are later re?ned hierarchically, in a careful manner, to get all minimum-cardinality diagnoses of the system. Experiments on ISCAS-85 benchmark circuits show that the new approach is faster than the previous state-of-the-art hierarchical approach, and scales to all circuits in the suite for the ?rst time.